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Pressing on,
Wednesday, September 30, 2009 || 6:37 PM I decided to take some time out of everything for just today. Piano recital just now was super... okay, one word: horrible. Messed this up, messed that up. O level practical is next monday. im still messing things up. Need to press on. I dont wanna waste 10mins of someone else's time. i think, i wasted about 10mins of people's time today. Thanks Changhee and dahao, for everything. (: I know i screwed up, big time. but thanks for telling me i didnt & trying to make me feel better. Thanks a million (: okay! YeeSuan is going to wow that two judges on monday no matter what stupid thing she plays. YeeSuan is going to give everything her best shot from now on. YeeSuan promises to never give up and press on no matter how exhausted she is. YeeSuan will do all this with Dodo's support. Yeesuan will stop complaining about her past and start living for tomorrow ! She will sieze the day ! She will finish this final lap ! Seasons changing
Sunday, September 20, 2009 || 11:50 PM When I see your smile Tears run down my face I can't replace And now that I'm stronger I've figured out How this world turns cold and breaks through my soul And I know I'll find deep inside me I can be the one I will never let you fall I'll stand up with you forever I'll be there for you through it all Even if saving you sends me to heaven It's ok. It's ok. It's ok. Seasons are changing And waves are crashing And stars are falling all for us Days grow longer and nights grow shorter I can show you I'll be the one I will never let you fall I'll stand up with you forever I'll be there for you through it all Even if saving you sends me to heaven Cuz you're my, you're my, my true love, my whole heart Please don't throw that away Cuz I'm here for you Please don't walk away, Please tell me you'll stay, stay Use me as you will Pull my strings just for a thrill And I know I'll be ok Though my skies are turning gray I will never let you fall I'll stand up with you forever I'll be there for you through it all Even if saving you sends me to heaven Thats what they say. Seasons are changing. Before we know it, we might start changing our names to someone else's name. Geez, im a loser. She's
Saturday, September 19, 2009 || 9:52 PM She looks into my eyes and i'm alive again And when she says goodbye, I just die again That's when my restlessness begins Please don't let it win I'm so tired again But underneath the haze One thing still remains the same She's the only love I've known And now she's gone away She's the light that brought me to the edge Will i ever love again? She walked into my life and my world was still She reached into my soul and all my doubts were killed That's when my loneliness subsided She gave me the will, I could fight it But nothing can erase the one thing that remains the same [Chorus] She's the only love I've known And now she's gone away She's the light that brought me to the edge Will i ever love again? So just tell me what i should do I left everything for you And i can't hardly breathe 'Cause i know i lost you from my world From my... [Chorus] She's the only love I've known And now she's gone away She's the light that brought me to the edge Will i ever love again? She's the only love I've known And now she's gone away She's the light that brought me to the edge Will i ever love again? I'm happy & contradicting
Friday, September 18, 2009 || 9:31 PM Okay, the title already gave everything away, literally. Prelim's ending soon, 3 more papers left then here comes O level music performance. followed by O level science practical exams and finally the O level papers. Frankly, im so not looking forward to graduation. okay, im a bit looking forward to graduation cause i can leave. seeeeee, contradicting once again. okay, whatever whatever. Some of the prelim papers are a bit tough. &the surprising thing is that im glad that some are tough ! im a freaking idiot right. but hey, the tough papers are the one that nailed us down. they nail almost everyone down, good ones and bad ones.{except the really good ones} &thats great. i mean if it's so easy, there's no point taking the exam right ? It's not even preparing you for the worst. Lets backtrack: (a) english papers- pleased with paper 2 and speech (b) emaths paper 1- careless (c) ss paper- smiling throughout the seq (d) amaths paper1- it's a easy paper but some question at the back couldnt do it until after they collected the paper. *sigh* (e)geography paper- smiling throughout the paper(f)chemistry paper 3- completely manageable, paper wasnt good at all. (g) emaths paper 2- relatively easy with one ridiculous careless mistake for probability. i wanted to bang my head against a wall when i realised that. (h)Biology paper4- Was smiling when i saw the quetions. not exactly because i know the answers to all. but some other reasons (: have to admit, not a very easy paper. there's a level of difficulty especially understanding the questions. (i) physics paper2- happiest paper. i thought i would fail physics or do badly. wouldnt say exactly getting 60plus for this paper like midyear. but hoping to get at least 50. (j)Practical papers- was quite alright. finished chem faster than usual.(k)Music paper- was very sad for the japanese. i actually wrote the correct answer for everything under japanese. but i was kuku thanks to the phrase " wood and string instruments" in part (ii) then i changed all my answers. but the rest was alright. haydn first 15 marks was super shiok. i was smiling throughout the section. Left with physics paper 1, comb science paper1 and amaths paper2. 37 more days to o levels. Im looking forward to kayaking, ubin-ing, OBS{hopefully}. oh & im definitely looking forward to Paris (: Catching up on sleep. ciaos ! (: Contradicting
Wednesday, September 16, 2009 || 6:54 PM Simple yet complicated. Sad yet happy. Hungry yet not hungry. Sleepy yet awake. That's ironic. okay, enough talk. I've to study. ciaos ! Maybe a proper blogpost soon. &im guessing from the word 'soon' that it's not gonna be anytime soon. Okay, pretty contradicting. (: Biology part I
Tuesday, September 15, 2009 || 7:59 PM Ecology (a) Energy flow in all organism Chlorophyll in green plants trap light energy from the sun and produces chemical energy in the form of glucose during photosynthesis.Consumers{ carnivorous or herbivorous animals } absorb this energy through feeding relationships in the food chain or food web. Glucose is used in all organism to produce energy during respiration for muscle contraction, cell division, active transport etc. thus, the light energy that originated from the Sun is passed along the food chain as chemical energy. Therefore, because of light energy, The Sun is the principle source of energy for all living organism. (b) non cycle flow of energy Non-cyclic flow of energy refers to the light energy from the sun that is trapped by the Producers and transfered to the consumers in the form of chemical energy. this energy is eventually lost to the environment as heat loss because during respiration, some of the energy realised is changed into heat enegy and heat energy cant be changed by living things into chemical energy. (c) Relationships in the food web - producers green plants that produces energy for other living organism to survive by changing light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. this glucose is changed into other forms{eg fats or proteins} which contain chemical energy is eat and passed down the food chain. -Consumers animals cannot photosynthesize. animals cannot make food. Since animals cannot make food, they take food that is made by other living organism in order to survive. They realease chemical energy in food during respiration in order to survive and reproduce. -Decomposers example of decomposers are bacteria and fungi. they break down organic compound in dead remains and release raw materials such as carbon dioxide and mineral salts back to the environment. (d)reasons for energy loss - not all part of the plant is eaten -The plant is respiring{ some energy is lost as heat enery} -The plant might not be digested. -Excretion{ removal of metallbolic waste} Part 2 later. man, ecology is pretty hard to memorise. \: Jiayous ! last chap ! At every level, about 90% of the energy is lost. that is why a food chain cannot have more than 6 links. this is because the last population would have too little energy to support another population to grow and reproduce. A 100 to 1.
Monday, September 14, 2009 || 7:45 PM I wanted to blog something normal. but im tired and i think i should continue studying. Some other time. Ciaos (: Geography part V
Sunday, September 13, 2009 || 8:47 PM Development part C :D Strategies to alleviate uneven development in the world: (a) International organizations (i) World bank The world bank is an example of an international organization with member countries that are committed to provide aid to reduce poverty in the world. member countries of the world bank provide loans to Less developed countries { LDCs } at low or no interest rate. the loans can be used by the LDCs to improve their level of development through projects such as improve water supply or sanitation system or to finance vaccination programmes. one example would be between 1996 to 2005, the world bank provide loans that covered 60% of the total cost of a project to develop villages in Northeastern Brazil. the project included the building the infrastructure like water or electricity facilities. it also provide mechanization for agricultural purposes, thus improving the lives of 7.5 million villagers. (ii) Asian development bank (ADB) The Asian development bank is established in 1966 to reduce poverty and to improve the quality of life of the people in the Asian Pacific region. ADB provided aid in the form of monetary loans and technical assistance to it's member countries. the government of these countries can make use of the financial support and improve on it's country's economy and level of development.one example would be, in 2005, the ADB provided a US1 million grant for the project to improve the urban living conditions in the central region of Vietnam. this short term project aims to develop the drainage system as well as to improve water supply and sanitation systems. (b) International agreements (i)UN convention on the law of the sea The UN convention on the Law of the Sea played an imporant role in alleviating uneven development in the world. It had a positive impact on coastal states. The convention not only allow coastal states to exercise soreverity over it's terrotial seas, it also allowed coastal states to set up Exclusive Economic Zone {EEZ} which gives the country the sole right to carry out marine research, harvest natural resources as well as carry out economic activities within 200 nautical miles from their the shores. this allows coastal states which are LDCs to maximize their coastal resources for development. (ii) UN millennium development goals In order to alleviate uneven development in the world, the UN decided on an agreement known as the UN millennium development goals in 2000 to help LDCs achieve a greater level of development. the UN hopes to reach the goals by 2015. (c) National strategies (i) Population control Another strategy that governments used for national development is population control. having a large population means a lot of resources is needed to support the large population. and if the resources isnt enought to support the population, a situation known as overpopulation occurs. overpopulation brings a lot of problems such as limited jobs available or little access to education as too many people are fighting for too little resources. one example would be China. With a population of 1billion and growing, China introduced a one-child policy in 1979 to reduce population growth. the chinese government offered incentives to families with one child { eg priority in buying houses} and disincentives to discourage families that have more than one chid { eg compulsory sterillization or forced abortion}. (ii) Education Education plays a crucial role in the development in a country. It is also an important investment in a country's future. In Singapore, English is made as a compulsory subject since the 1960s and has been used as the medium of instruction for all subjects except for Mother Tongue languages. education from primary to university level for all Singaporeans is subsidized by the Government. The government expendicure has also increased which leads to more schools, vocational institutions, polytechnics and universities being built. Giving singaporeans more opportunities to acquire the relevant skills for their future career. If the people in a country is able to read and write, the likelihood of them finding a job is higher. an educated and literate workforce is crucial for the effective transfer of tecnhological knowledge and skills. and if you would like to upgrade your skills, you can take up training or development programmes. English is evidently an important subject in international trade and commerce. Promoting it's use is an effective strategy to attract foreign investors and foreign talents which are vital to achieve a high level of economic development. (iii) Healthcare Singapore has put in place adequate measures to ensure that the environment is clean and hygenic. Affordable healthcare is provided to all singaporeans to improve their health. The government also built public hospitals as well as clinics to provide a range of medical services at a subsidized rate. The government has also introduced insurance schemes and medican savings schemes which are linked to the Central Provident Funds {CPF}. Healthcare must not only be made accessible to those who can afford it but also accessible to the poor in the urban areas as well as the poor farmers in the rural areas. having good health would positively affect a person's producitivity which would in turn increase the standard of living. (iv) Water supply In Ahmedabad(India), 41% of the population lives in slums or squatter settlements. More than 25% of the population do not have toilet facilities and extreme poverty is widespread. In the mid 1990s, the parivatan slum networking programme was established to help the region to develop. slum dwellers were given basic infrastructure so that there is access to clean water, underground sewage, individual toilets and solid waste collection. after the people have access to clean water and proper sanitation facilities, the death rates declined from 6.9 per 1000 people to 3.7 per 1000 people. fewer people suffered from general illness. the programme has helped 59 000 people from 40 slums and it has expanded to 59 more slums. it has been successful in improving the standard of living of the people in Ahmedabad and helping the region to develop. Kalimantan \: Yeesuan, JIAYOUS ! (: Geography part IV
|| 7:13 PM Development part B (: Reasons for Variation in development: (a)Historical reason:Colonialism  (i) positive impact on Colonial powersColonialism refers to the domination of a more powerful country over another country{ known as a colony} Colonial powers colonialized certain countries to obtain raw materials such as Cocoa or cotton that cant be grown or found in their own country. colonial powers knew how to add value to these raw materials by converting them to useful products & these useful products would be sold at a higher price. for example, cotton can be made into clothing and sold at a higher price. the colonial powers benefit from the sales of these useful products which contributes to their economy. many countries who used to be colonial powers tend to become developed countries quickly. (ii) negative impact on Colonies In colonies, development is slow. althought colonial powers developed infrastructure such as roads and railways to transport the raw materials, the colonial powers neglected other aspects of development such as education and healthcare. this resulted in most of the people in the colonies as uneducated. the people lack of the important skills or knowledge to build their country. therefore, most colonies remain poor and have a poor standard of living. (b)Political reason Political conflicts in the less developed countries { LDCs} can come in the form of a war or political unstability. this would have a negative impact of development. One example would be Sri Lanka. In Sria Lanka, there has been a war between the Tamils and the Sinhalese. The Tamils felt that there were treated unfairly. With a war, foreign investors lost confidence in the country and this has lead to a drop in foreign investments. foreign investments in Sri Lanka have dropped from US66 million to US22 million from 1982 to 1985. Tourism, one of Sri lanka's major source of income, has dropped because of the political war. Tourism arrivals fell by a lot after the war started in 1983. (c) Social reason; Education (i) negative impact on LDCs in general, children living in LDCs have very little opportunites for education as their parents cannot afford to send them to school. this resulted in a low literacy rate. for example, Sierra Leone has a low literacy rate of 29.6% in 2003. this is because the country have little money to spend on education. with a low literacy rate, it would have a negative impact on the development in a country. People who have little education have difficulty in learning new skills or using modern technology. there would be a lack of skilled workers in the country and this would slow down the development of the secondary and tertiary industries. (ii) positive impact on DCs DCs tend to have means to build schools and train teachers to educate its people. Some DCs have a long history of placing a strong emphasis on education. one example would be Singapore. Singapore has a high literacy rate of 92.5% in 2005 because the country spends a considerable amount of money on the education sector: building schools, training teachers. with more people in the country being able to read and write { high literacy rate}, a larger proportion of the people would be working in the secondary and tertiary industry and contribute to a higher standard of living. (d)Pressence of raw materials (i) positive impact for countries with good leadership In general, countries that have plenty of raw materials tend to develop faster than a country that has few or no raw materials. this is because the sales of these raw materials would generate more weath to the country and the money can be used to develop other aspects in the country such as healthcare and education. a good example would be Norway. Norway was ranked first in the HDI in 2003. One of the main reasons why norway have achieved such a high level of development is because Norway has a lot of raw materials such as timber and crude oil. crude oil is found in the North sea, Off the coast of Norway. crude oil would be made into petroleum and petroleum is a major source of income in Norway's economy. the Norweigian government felt that the sales of petroluem should not only benefit the petroluem companies but it should also benefit the people of Norway.The norweigian goverment decided to put a profit limit for petroluem producers and the rest of the money would go to the people of Norway. The norweigian goverment has played an important role in helping Norway to achieve such a high level of development. (ii) negative impact for countries with poor leadership One example would be Nigeria. Nigeria is the largest oil producer in Africa and 11th largest oil producer in the world. However, most of its people in Nigeria remain poor and the level of development is low. this is because of corrupt leadership. Nigeria leaders siphoned off billions of dollars that are revenues that are meant for development. there's the 'climate' and ' cummulative casuation'. gonna have dinner first . ciaos ! (: Geography part III
|| 5:36 PM Development part A (: Core& periphery: In the very beginning, all countries were at the same level of development. However, some countries started to develop faster than the others because of presence of natural resources or good natural harbour. this has resulted in some countries to become the core countries{ Developed countries; DCs } the lack of job opportunities in the Periphery countries { less developed countries; LDCs } has result in more and more people moving from the LDCs to the DCs in search of job opportunities. this movement of labour drained the workfore in the LDCs. On the other hand, the DCs are are benefiting from the additional talent in their countries which generates more wealth. The core countries continues to develop in the expense of the periphery countries. this effect is known as the backwash effect. however, since the 1990s, DCs realised that the cost of setting up manufacturing industries is lower in the LDCs. this has resulted in many companies setting up manufactories in LDCs. with more companies setting up manufactories in the LDCs, there are more job opportunities in the LDCs. the LDCs are now benefitting from the growth of the DCs. this effect is known as the spread effect. this also resulted in some countries to become the secondary core countries. the region is fully intergrated with more periphery countries benefitting from the core countries and inequalities are reduced to some extent. GDP refers to the total amount of money generated by a country in a year. GDP per capita refers to the average income a person is earning in a country. GDP per capita= total amount of money generated in a country in a year divided by the total number of people in a country. HDI stands for Human development Index. It is an index used by the United nation development programme to measure the level of development in a country. the closer the HDI is to 1, the more developed a country is. the further the HDI is from 1, the less developed a country is. To measure HDI, there are many indicators. three main catagories: Health indicators, Education indicators and economic indicators. Economic indicators: (i)Employment structure -in a country, different people work in different industries. there are three main industries: primary, secondary and tertiary. primary industries includes farming and plantation agriculture. secondary industries refers to manufacturing industires. and tertiary industries refers to the service industry. -with a greater percentage of people working in the secondary and tertiary industry{ higher paying jobs}& a smaller percentage of people working in the primary industry, the greater the income per capita in the country. more and more people are able to afford better goods and services which leads to a better standard of living and a better quality of life. (ii) job opportunies - with more job opportunities in a country, more and more people would be employed in various industries which would contribute to the countries's GDP. more and more people would be able to afford goods and services and this will leads to a higher standard of living and better quality of life. Health Indicators: (iii) Life expectancy the life expectancy refers to the amount of years a person is expected to live. in more developed countries, the life expectancy rate would be higher as there are clean water, food and better health care services. (iv) Infant mortallity rate the infant mortallity rate refers to the number of babies that are less than the age of 1, dies for every 1000 live babies. in more developed countries, the infant mortallity rate would be low as there is good healthcare services. (v)Availibility of clean water supply -water is essential for our survival as well as to carry out certain activities such as cooking, drinking and manufactoring. -in developed countries like japan or norway, the people have better access to clean water supply as water is supplied to their homes by pipes. before the water is sent to these homes, the water is first sent to water treatment facilities to be treated to ensure that all bacteria and impurities are removed. -On the other hand, in less developed countries, there is little access to clean water supply. the people usually have to walk long distances to collect water from a well as they cannot affored to have pipes to send water to their homes. -A lack of clean water supply means that the water that is available is unsafe for drinking. -the people are more prone to water-brone diseases which will lead to a poor standard of living and poor quality of life. (vi) proper sanitation facilities -Sanitation facilities includes proper flushing and proper waste disposal system. -with proper sanitation facilities, it will allow the people to dispose their waste hygenically. -with poor sanitation facilities, people will bury their waste in the soil or in the ground. -this would contaminate the environment and water sources which would poss as a health risk -it would in turn, lead to a poor standard of living and poor quality of life. Education Indicators: (vii) Literacy rate -literacy rate refers to percentage of adults who are able to read and write in a country. -with a higher literacy rate means that a large percentage of the population is able to read and write. this would mean that a larger percentage of the population would be employed in the secondary and tertiary industry { high paying jobs }. with more people in high paying jobs, the greater income per capita. a large proportion of the country can afford better goods and services which leads to a better standard of living and better quality of life. Limitations of HDI and its indicators: Like everything, there are limitations to these indicators as well as the HDI. for example, the economic indicators. when calculating the GDP per capita, we do not take into account income inequality. GDP per capita refers to the average income a person earns in a country. however, not everyone is working in the same industry or working in high paying jobs. for example:the GDP per capita of the USA has increased from 2002 to 2006 but the average wage in the USA remains flat because only 1% of the population benefit from the strong economic growth. the remaining 99% do not benefit much from the economic growth. Another limitation is HDI is not accurate for LDCs. HDI do not take into account informal trading also known as barter trade. in informal trading, we exchange one good for another. no money is required in informal trading. Two more parts. jiayous ! (: Geography part II
Friday, September 11, 2009 || 9:28 PM Mangrove forest: Mangrove forest are usually found in areas that experiences tropical climate. In the mangrove forests, trees are 2-40m in height. this is because the muddy soil is unable to withstand or to prove a firm support for the tall trees/ heavy trees. In the mangrove forest, there is high temperate and high rainfall all year round. Unlike the Tropical rainforest or the Tropical monsoon forests where they have vertical layers of the forest, the mangrove forest have 3 horizontal layers namely: Brugeuria(inland zone), Rhizophora(Middle zone), Avicennia/ Sonneratia(coastal zone). Characteristic of mangrove forest: (i) density -mangrove forests are not as dense as tropical rain forest or tropical monsoon forest -trees do not grow very close to one another (ii) leaves -large and board to absorb maximum amount of sunlight -waxy surface with drip tips to prevent water from collecting on leave surface and to prevent bacteria growth -the leaves are evergreen as there are no seasonal changes in terms of temperature and amount of rainfall. (ii)flowers and fruits -they bear flowers all year round. -fruits: for Avicennia trees fruits, they are buoyant. when they fall, the tide and waves would bring the fruits of the Avicennia trees would float to other coastal area where they can germinate and grow. for Rhizophora fruits, they have an elongated structure with a sharp tip. this is help it anchor firmly to the muddy soil.(iii) roots -Avicennia trees have pencil-like roots. the pencil like roots would be still be exposed to the air when it is during high tide or when the water level is high. the pore on the pencil like roots allow the Avicennia to get oxygen -Rhizophora trees have slit or prop roots give a firm support for the trees in the muddy soil. -Brugueria trees have kneed roots. Temperate coniferous forest: It is located 60 degrees North to 70 degrees North. examples of countries that have coniferous forests are Northern America, Canada and Russia. In the temperate coniferous forest, they experience the four season: Spring, summer, Autumn, Winter.In the temperate coniferous forest, there is low precipitation and low temperates. Charateristic of temperate coniferous forest: (i) structure: -in the temperate coniferous forest, there are no distinct layers. -the trees are uniform in height{ 20-30m in height} -there is a sparse undergrowth as there is a continuous canopy layer. this prevent sunlight from reaching the forest floor. undergrowth consist of mosses and lichens as not many trees or species can survive the low precipitation or low temperatures. (ii) leaves -the leaves are evergreen. the trees retain the leaves so when the temperature is 6 degrees of above at any time of the day, they would be able to photosynthesize and make food. -the leaves have small, needle-like leaves with thick waxy cuticles to prevent or to reduce the amount of water loss during transpiration. (iii) branches and barks -the branches are flexible. this prevents the snow from ammunulating on the trees. -the barks are thick to protect itself from the harsh climate or from the cold winter. -some trees are conical in shape. this will ensure that the trees will sway with the strong wind instead of toppling over. (iv) flowers - in the coniferous forest, they bear cones. -cones can be male of female. -male produces pollen grain (v) roots -trees have shallow, spreading roots. -when the ice melts into water, with shallow spreading roots, the trees can absorb the water. A day late stuffs. Sounds like the song by Anberlin. Ohwell, gonna go have dinner already. ciaos ! (: Geography part I
Thursday, September 10, 2009 || 5:56 PM Tropical Rainforest: Found in 0 degrees North to 10 degrees North, 0 degrees South to 10 degrees South.There is high rainfall and high temperate all year round in the tropical rainforest.Examples of tropical rainforest: Amazon basin, Congo basin The five layers of the tropical rainforest: (a) emergent - Very tall trees { 30-50m in height } - have very thick, straight trunks -above the canopy layer (b) canopy -Trees are 15-30m in height -wide umbrella shape crowns which interlock one another, - in the Tropical rainforest, there is a continuous canopy layer -Prevent sunlight from reaching lowers layers such as undergrowth (c) understorey -Trees are usually 5-15m in height -They are oval-shaped crowns that grows in between gaps of the canopy layer -Very often, they are the young trees of the canopy or emergent. (d) shrubs -Trees are often 6m in height -They are mostly woody plants and sapling trees (e) undergrowth -due to the lack of sunlight reaching the floor of the tropical rainforest, there is a sparse undergrowth. Characteristic of the Tropical Rainforest: (i) leaves -the leaves in the tropical rainforest are large and board to absorb maximum sunlight. -the leaves have waxy surface and they have waxy drip tips to allow water to 'run off' and to prevent water to collect on the surface of the leaves, it also prevents bacteria growth. -the leaves in the tropical rainforest are evergreen due to the high rainfall and high temperate throughout the year. there is not need to shed their leaves. (ii)Branches and Trunks/Barks -the barks of the trees in the tropical rainforest are thin and smooth. -there is no need for any protection from the heat or dryness as there is high rainfall throughout the year -the branches are found in the top 1/3 of the trees as not a lot of sunlight is able to reach to the lower layers of the forest. (iii)Flower and fruits -flowers and fruits in the tropical rainforest bear all year round as there is high rainfall all year around -As the air under the canopy layer is still, it is hard for wind pollination to occur. -Therefore, Flowers or fruits have to be colorful or sweet scented to attract insects for insect pollination. (iv) Roots -Trees in the tropical rainforest have buttress roots{ especially for trees in the emergent layer} -Buttress roots support the great weight of the trees -shallow and spreading roots to absorb nutrients that are on the surface of the soil. Tropical monsoon forest: They are found in 10degrees north to 23 1/2degrees north and also found in 10degrees south to 23 1/2degrees south. In the tropical monsoon forest, they have distinct wet and dry seasons{ monsoon seasons}.examples of countries that experiences the monsoon season are India, Thailand, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Cambodia and Northern Australia Southwest monsoon season{from June to September} From June to September, Countries in the Northern hemisphere is experiencing Summer whereas countries in the Southern hemisphere is experiencing winter. In summer, hot air rises this would result in a low air pressure. In winter, the air tends to "sink" which would result in a higher air pressure. winds travel from a region with high air pressure to a region with low air pressure. The Southeast monsoon winds start from Northern Australia. it will travel along the Indian ocean. at the Indian ocean, hot air rises. the wind will pick up water vapour as it travels along the Indian Ocean. Due to Earth rotation, the winds would be deflected at the equator and the winds would travel as Southwest monsoon winds which would bring a lot of rain to countries in the Northern hemisphere. Northeast monsoon season{from october to january} From october to january, countries in the Northern hemisphere is experiencing winter whereas countries in the Southern Hemisphere is experiencing summer. In summer, how air rises this would result in a low air pressure. In winter, the air tends to "sink" which would result in a higher air pressure. Winds travel from a region with high air pressure to a region wtih low air pressure. The northeast monsoon winds starts from the northern hemisphere. The wind would travel along the Indian ocean. At the Indian ocean, hot air rises. The wind will pick up a lot of water vapour as it travels along the Indian ocean. Due to the Earth's rotation, the winds would be deflected at the Equator and the winds would travel as Northwest winds which would bring a lot of rain to Northern Australia. Characteristics of the tropical monsoon forest: (i) leaves -the leaves have a waxy surface to reduce transpiration loss. -the leaves have waxy drip tip to allow water to "run off" and to prevent water to collect on the leave surface and to prevent bacteria growth. -the leaves are deciduous. trees would shed their leaves during the dry season and the leaves would grow back quickly during the wet season. -some plants have bamboo leaves{ small } to reduce transpiration loss. (ii) branches and barks/trunks - the barks are thick and coarse to protect itself from the heat and the dryness during the dry season -it to also to protect itself from the extreme heat during natural forest fires - branches are found in the middle of the trees as sunlight is able to reach the lower parts of the trees due to the discontinuous canopy layer. (iii) flower and fruits -the plants on bear flowers and fruits during the dry season. (iv) roots - they have deep roots that would tap on underground water during the dry season when there is little water avaliable. -the roots anchor firmly in the soil (v) diversity The tropical monsoon forest is less dense as compared to the tropical rainforest. the trees in the tropical monsoon forest do not grow very close to one another as compared to the tropical rainforest. the tropical monsoon forest do not have a continuous canopy layer as the crowns do not interlock with one another. this results in an open canopy and this will allow sunlight to reach the lower layers of the forest.during the dry season, the tropical monsoon forest looks very sparse. however, during the wet season, the tropical monsoon forest looks like the tropical rainforest Continueing part II later (: this recap method is so fun :D ciaos ! Thrown,
|| 12:44 AM Thrown into the depths of dejection, again. SS
Wednesday, September 2, 2009 || 10:43 PM Its quite ironic that i said im gonna ignore my ss cause i would fall asleep. but here i am, mugging my ass off, panicking like mad. &i'll be back later at 4.30am. ohmygod, thats ironic! Editted on 3rd september, 2009 at 10.42pm. i actually type every thing out for SS venice but i was lazy to post. it's over anyway (; &I would not say it was bad. it was pretty alright (: Hope Amaths will turn out alright tomorrow too. Gonna wake up early again to study later. (; &happy birthday dingdong ! (; Ciaos ! |
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Random songs played randomly (:"Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited. Imagination encircles the world." |
