The world bank is an example of an international organization with member countries that are committed to provide aid to reduce poverty in the world. member countries of the world bank provide loans to Less developed countries { LDCs } at low or no interest rate. the loans can be used by the LDCs to improve their level of development through projects such as improve water supply or sanitation system or to finance vaccination programmes. one example would be between 1996 to 2005, the world bank provide loans that covered 60% of the total cost of a project to develop villages in Northeastern Brazil. the project included the building the infrastructure like water or electricity facilities. it also provide mechanization for agricultural purposes, thus improving the lives of 7.5 million villagers.

The Asian development bank is established in 1966 to reduce poverty and to improve the quality of life of the people in the Asian Pacific region. ADB provided aid in the form of monetary loans and technical assistance to it's member countries. the government of these countries can make use of the financial support and improve on it's country's economy and level of development.one example would be, in 2005, the ADB provided a US1 million grant for the project to improve the urban living conditions in the central region of Vietnam. this short term project aims to develop the drainage system as well as to improve water supply and sanitation systems.

(b) International agreements
(i)UN convention on the law of the sea
The UN convention on the Law of the Sea played an imporant role in alleviating uneven development in the world. It had a positive impact on coastal states. The convention not only allow coastal states to exercise soreverity over it's terrotial seas, it also allowed coastal states to set up Exclusive Economic Zone {EEZ} which gives the country the sole right to carry out marine research, harvest natural resources as well as carry out economic activities within 200 nautical miles from their the shores. this allows coastal states which are LDCs to maximize their coastal resources for development.


(ii) UN millennium development goals
In order to alleviate uneven development in the world, the UN decided on an agreement known as the UN millennium development goals in 2000 to help LDCs achieve a greater level of development. the UN hopes to reach the goals by 2015.

(c) National strategies
(i) Population control
Another strategy that governments used for national development is population control. having a large population means a lot of resources is needed to support the large population. and if the resources isnt enought to support the population, a situation known as overpopulation occurs. overpopulation brings a lot of problems such as limited jobs available or little access to education as too many people are fighting for too little resources. one example would be China. With a population of 1billion and growing, China introduced a one-child policy in 1979 to reduce population growth. the chinese government offered incentives to families with one child { eg priority in buying houses} and disincentives to discourage families that have more than one chid { eg compulsory sterillization or forced abortion}.

(ii) Education
Education plays a crucial role in the development in a country. It is also an important investment in a country's future. In Singapore, English is made as a compulsory subject since the 1960s and has been used as the medium of instruction for all subjects except for Mother Tongue languages. education from primary to university level for all Singaporeans is subsidized by the Government. The government expendicure has also increased which leads to more schools, vocational institutions, polytechnics and universities being built. Giving singaporeans more opportunities to acquire the relevant skills for their future career. If the people in a country is able to read and write, the likelihood of them finding a job is higher. an educated and literate workforce is crucial for the effective transfer of tecnhological knowledge and skills. and if you would like to upgrade your skills, you can take up training or development programmes. English is evidently an important subject in international trade and commerce. Promoting it's use is an effective strategy to attract foreign investors and foreign talents which are vital to achieve a high level of economic development.

(iii) Healthcare
Singapore has put in place adequate measures to ensure that the environment is clean and hygenic. Affordable healthcare is provided to all singaporeans to improve their health. The government also built public hospitals as well as clinics to provide a range of medical services at a subsidized rate. The government has also introduced insurance schemes and medican savings schemes which are linked to the Central Provident Funds {CPF}. Healthcare must not only be made accessible to those who can afford it but also accessible to the poor in the urban areas as well as the poor farmers in the rural areas. having good health would positively affect a person's producitivity which would in turn increase the standard of living.

(iv) Water supply
In Ahmedabad(India), 41% of the population lives in slums or squatter settlements. More than 25% of the population do not have toilet facilities and extreme poverty is widespread. In the mid 1990s, the parivatan slum networking programme was established to help the region to develop. slum dwellers were given basic infrastructure so that there is access to clean water, underground sewage, individual toilets and solid waste collection. after the people have access to clean water and proper sanitation facilities, the death rates declined from 6.9 per 1000 people to 3.7 per 1000 people. fewer people suffered from general illness. the programme has helped 59 000 people from 40 slums and it has expanded to 59 more slums. it has been successful in improving the standard of living of the people in Ahmedabad and helping the region to develop.

Kalimantan \:
Yeesuan, JIAYOUS ! (: